MIAMI (PRWEB) April 13, 2022
Menopausal Women and Women with Ovariohysterectomy or Total Oophorectomy (WMOO) do not Produce Sufficient Estrogen and Same Contributes to Cardiovascular, Neurodegenerative Diseases, as well as bone and Metabolic Issues.
There is insufficient evidence to assess the risk of hormone therapy long-term application in perimenopausal or postmenopausal women younger than 50 years of age (1).
Phytoestrogens are nonsteroidal plant compounds that possess estrogenic activity through their phenolic ring, which enables them to bind to estrogen receptors in humans and animals and could be essentially beneficial to WMOO, as well as sterilized female dogs. However there are issues with phytoestrogens, as well.
When phytoestrogen are taken in the form of food source or as supplements, their intake has been associated with adverse reporting, (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7).
Liquiritigenin is unique bioactive phytoestrogen, isolated from the roots of plants belonging to Radix Glycyrrhizae (licorice) and has shown a plethora of beneficial effects. (Review of studies listed under Liquiritigenin in PubMed) and recognized by US National Institutes of Health, The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences states as having strong affinity to estrogen receptor Beta (8).
Phytoestrogens, generally, stimulate the immune system and immune stimulation is synonymous with activation of the immune system’s inflammatory stimuli, which if not regulated, ultimately results in chronic inflammation and undesirable health consequences. (9,10)
Accordingly, for optimum benefits of Liquiritigenin, an anti-inflammatory is paramount to Liquiritigenin “enhancement” of immune system.
In a Randomized Controlled Trial, a mix of Flavonoid and fish oil Supplement has shown to produce only an immune enhancing effect, indicating a clinical inflammation (11).
Liquiritigenin is a Flavanoid. Additionally, when combined, the estrogen (17β-oestradiol) with Omega-3 there was a synergistic bone-protective efficacy through up-regulation of gene RUNX2, an essential transcription factor for bone formation, as well as the suppression of bone-resorbing cytokine IL-1β (12). Liquiritigenin is a receptor beta agonist.
Choline is also equally paramount to confer Liquiritigenin with an enhanced neuroprotective aspects.
In the nervous system, biological estrogen's neuroprotective effects is strongly dependent on its interactions with the cholinergic system (13).
Liquiritigenin benefits in memory and cognitive impairment is through cholinergic system with choline being the building block of the cholinergic system (14).
The mixture of Liquiritigenin, Omega-3 and Choline is a promising natural approach to estrogen deficiency.
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References:
(1) Long-term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Jan 17;1(1):CD004143
(2) Soy allergy in perspective Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology: June 2008 - Volume 8 - Issue 3 - p 270-27
(3) Anaphylaxis to flaxseed in a non-atopic adult patient. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. March 25, 2022. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2022.03.023
(4) Verzele M. 100 years of hop chemistry and its relevance to brewing. J Inst Brewing 1986;92:32-48.
(5) Effects of Licorice on the Cardiovascular System Foods. 2019 Oct; 8(10): 495.
(6) The nutritional flavanone naringenin triggers antiestrogenic effects by regulating estrogen receptor alpha-palmitoylation. Endocrinology. 2008 May;149(5):2567-75. doi: 10.1210/en.2007-1173. Epub 2008 Jan 31.
(7) The Effect of Soy Phytoestrogen. Supplementation on Thyroid Status
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 96, Issue 5, 1 May 2011, Pages 1442–1449
(8) https://drugs.ncats.io/drug/T194LKP9W6
(9) The phytoestrogen genistein induces thymic and immune changes: a human health concern? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 May 28;99(11):7616-21. doi: 10.1073/pnas.102650199.
(10) Genistein, Estrogen Receptors, and the Acquired Immune Response.The Journal of Nutrition, Volume 136, Issue 3, March 2006, Pages 704–708
(11) A Mixed Flavonoid-Fish Oil Supplement Induces Immune-Enhancing and Anti-Inflammatory Transcriptomic Changes - A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2016 May; 8(5): 277.
(12) Synergistic attenuation of ovariectomy-induced bone loss by combined use of fish oil and 17β-oestradiol12Br J Nutr. 2017 Feb;117(4):479-489.
(13) Perspective: Estrogen and the Risk of cognitive Decline: A Missing Choline(rgic) Link? Advances in Nutrition, Volume 13, Issue 2, March 2022, Pages 376–387
(14) Liquiritigenin ameliorates memory and cognitive impairment through cholinergic. Arch Pharm Res. 2017 Oct;40(10):1209-1217. doi: 10.1007/s12272-017-0954-6.