Nurses have been in the vanguard in expanding women’s economic opportunity and power in the workplace.
Washington, D.C. (PRWEB) August 30, 2017
Policy discussions about the best way forward with healthcare reform has left out a major group of professionals central to making the system work: nurses. Nursing: Can It Remain a Source of Upward Mobility Amidst Healthcare Turmoil?, a new report by the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce (Georgetown Center), shows that a college education is increasingly key to success in a nursing career, with 66 percent of registered nurses having a bachelor’s degree or higher today compared with 32 percent in 1980. The report also reveals a challenge with diversity for the profession: 71 Percent of RNs are White compared to only 7 percent who are Latino and 12 percent who are Black.
Low-income nurses and those from racial and ethnic minority groups face educational barriers to upward mobility, as pressure to upskill has made the bachelor’s degree the preferred entry-level credential for the higher-skill, better-paying RN positions (especially in hospitals). The RN profession pays competitive wages, averaging $67,000 a year, $7,000 more than average wages for all workers. By comparison, licensed professional/licensed vocational nurses (LPNs/LVNs), who are 9 percent Latino and 27 percent Black, earn on average less than $46,000 per year.
“Nurses have been in the vanguard in expanding women’s economic opportunity and power in the workplace,” said Anthony P. Carnevale, director of the Georgetown Center and lead author of the report.
“Pressure to reduce costs is gradually transferring some doctors’ patient care and prescription privileges to nurse practitioners and other advance practice registered nurse in a clinical setting,” said Nicole Smith, chief economist of the Georgetown Center and co-author of the report.
Modern nursing involves more than just caring for patients. Nurses spend more than half of their time on administrative activities, including documentation and care coordination. Registered nurses (RNs) have the opportunity to specialize through graduate education and become advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). APRNs have more autonomy and are often involved in diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. APRNs also have higher earnings, with certified nurse anesthetists earning the most among nursing specialties, $153,000 a year.
The report also analyzes the impact of healthcare reform and shows that replacing Obamacare could put more than 156,000 nursing jobs at risk in the first year of implementation alone. Sixty percent of the lost nursing jobs would impact the Southern and Midwestern states already ravaged by job losses in manufacturing.
The report’s other major findings include:
- RNs with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing make more ($68,000) than RNs with an Associate’s degree in Nursing ($61,000).
- Specialty also plays a big role in determining nurses’ salaries, with nurse anesthetists making $153,000 per year on average, compared to $60,000 a year for staff nurses.
- While nursing is a premier earnings profession among women, the gender gap persists: male RNs earn more than female RNs at every education level.
- The lack of racial and ethnic diversity remains a challenge in nursing—only 7 percent of RNs are Latino, compared to 16 percent of the U.S. population who are Latino.
- LPNs/LVNs are more racially and ethnically diverse— 44 percent are minority—but they also have less education, typically only an undergraduate certificate, substantially lower earnings ($46,000), and face major difficulties advancing to RN positions (only 18 percent of RNs start out as LPNs/LVNs).
- Even with the growing variety of opportunities for nurses, the majority of RNs still work in staff nurse positions at hospitals.
The full report, Nursing: Can It Remain a Source of Upward Mobility Amidst Healthcare Turmoil?, is available online at cew.georgetown.edu/nursingcareers.
The Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce is an independent, nonprofit research and policy institute that studies the link between individual goals, education and training curricula, and career pathways. The Georgetown Center is affiliated with the Georgetown University McCourt School of Public Policy. For more information, visit: cew.georgetown.edu. Follow us on Twitter @GeorgetownCEW, on Facebook, and LinkedIn.